AC Motors

AC Motors

An alternating current (AC) motor converts electrical power into mechanical energy. The motor is powered by an alternating current, which means the flow direction surrounding the circuit is switched at regular intervals. There are several components in an AC motor which include the stationary outer drum, the rotor, the stator, and an inner portion that rotates attached to a motor shaft. The stator and rotor create circulating magnetic fields while the winding within an AC motor serves as both the field winding and the armature. An air gap is created once the stator is joined to its supply flux. This rotates the flux at a constant speed which ultimately creates the voltage within the stator and rotor winding.  

Types of AC Motors

There are a variety of AC motors available, and all serve separate and distinct purposes. The six common types of AC motors are: 

• Three-Phase Motors: This is an electric machine that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy through electromagnetic interaction. Within the classification of three-phase AC motors, the three-phase induction motor is the most common. Their popularity is due to the fact that they don't need starting devices.

• Induction Motors:Induction motors are the most common AC electric motor. This form of AC motor uses electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator to supply the electric current in the rotor, which then produces torque. The induction motor's rotor is essentially a squirrel cage-rotor.  

• Squirrel Cage Induction Motor: This form of induction motor is derived from the law of electromagnetism. It gets its name from the rotor within, which is called a "squirrel cage rotor." It gained this moniker due to its appearance. The cylindrical rotor is sheathed with a highly conductive metal, typically made from aluminum or copper. As an alternating current travels through the stator windings, it creates a rotating magnetic field. This is what creates the current in the rotor's winding and generates a magnetic field. Torque is produced through the magnetic field interaction between the stator and rotor winding.  

• Synchronous Motors:These motors work like an AC motor, but the number of shaft turns is equal to the integer multiplier of the applied current's frequency. This motor doesn't rely on an induction current to function, but instead creates torque from magnetic fields produced by multiphase electromagnets on the stator.  

• Phase Wound Motor\ Wound Motor\ Slip-Ring Motor: Often used in hoists and elevators, slip ring or phase wound motors are often used because they produce a higher starting torque than induction motors.  

• Single-Phase Motors: This motor only requires one power phase for operation. This AC motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to perform a physical task. These types of AC motors are commonly found in low power applications, both for domestic and industrial uses. This motor uses a single-phase AC supply for the stator winding, which creates a magnetic field that pulses in a sinusoidal pattern.  

Advantages of AC Motors

AC motors offer a number of advantages, including:  

• Durability:AC electric motors are incredibly durable devices. Their lack of brushes means they can operate much longer than DC motors and eliminates issues with hazardous sparking. AC motors have become the preferred option for fixed-speed applications, in both industrial and commercial applications. They're also popular in domestic applications where AC power can be simply attached.  

• Low Power Start-Up: Another advantage AC motors offer is the low power necessary for ignition. These motors can distribute their power more efficiently and keep a consistent power level throughout implementation. They also decrease the chance of burnout. This occurs when a motor must contend with an overload at startup.  

• Controlled Acceleration: AC motors offer steady and controlled movement. This is due to their controlled acceleration capabilities. This is key for a variety of demanding applications. This form of operation also decreases issues arising from wear-and-tear because the speeds aren't fluctuating, minimizing the pressure on the motor.  

• High Speed: AC motors have the capacity to sustain and deliver high speeds. This makes them superior for a diverse array of difficult industrial applications.  

Industries and Applications

AC motors are found in a diverse array of applications around the world, particularly in the leisure, HVAC, and healthcare industries. They are also commonly found in conveyor belts or systems, air conditioners, fans, and appliances.  

Innovative AC Motor Solutions at Pelonis Technologies

Pelonis Technologies is a premier manufacturer of induction motors for commercial and industrial applications. We are committed to continuous improvement and have dedicated over 25 years to product development and manufacturing. Our company's primary goal is to improve our existing products and continue to develop new applications to help our customers and their ever-changing needs. Please contact us for further information, or request a quote today.